抗體制備——單克隆抗體VS多克隆抗體

抗體是免疫系統對(duì)進入體内的外(wài)來(lái)分子做出反應而産生的宿主蛋白(bái)。這(zhè)些(xiē)外(wài)來(lái)分子被稱爲抗原。由于抗體能(néng)與相應的抗原發生特異性結合反應，因此特異性抗體是免疫學實驗中常用(yòng)的試劑，不僅對(duì)于抗原的分析鑒定和(hé)定量檢測極爲重要，而且廣泛應用(yòng)于臨床疾病的診斷、治療和(hé)預防中。在免疫學檢測中應用(yòng)的主要抗體是多克隆抗體和(hé)單克隆抗體，多克隆抗體常用(yòng)免疫動物的方法獲得，而單克隆抗體則采用(yòng)雜(zá)交瘤技術制備。

antibody, also called immunoglobulin, a protective protein produced by the immune system in response to the presence of a foreign substance, called an antigen. Antibodies recognize and latch onto antigens in order to remove them from the body. A wide range of substances are regarded by the body as antigens, including disease-causing organisms and toxic materials such as insect venom.